Absorption & Other Heat Driven Cooling & Heating Equipment
This category only covers products installed as part of a CHP scheme that has been awarded a certificate from the CHP Quality Assurance (CHPQA) programme.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Air Blast Coolers
Air blast coolers normally consist of a finned tube heat exchanger and a cooling fan(s). The cooling fan is used to force air over the heat exchanger and to cool water and other process liquids as they passed through the heat exchanger. Some products also circulate water in the path of the forced air when the outside air temperature is high (known as adiabatic cooling).
Air Blast Coolers are referred to in industry using several different terms, such as ‘ambient air pre-coolers’, ‘dry adiabatic coolers’, ‘hybrid coolers’, ‘forced air pre-coolers’ and ‘free coolers’.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Air Cooled Condensing Units
An air-cooled condensing unit consists of a compressor and an air-cooled condenser combined with various ancillary components, such as a liquid receiver, shutoff valves, filter drier, sight glass and controls. The unit is factory assembled and wired as a complete unit. It provides a convenient method for ‘powering’ a cold room or other cooling equipment that has an evaporator with expansion valve control. Refrigerant vapour from the evaporator is compressed and condensed for return to the evaporator as a high pressure liquid.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Automated Permanent Refrigerant Leak Detection Systems
Automated permanent refrigerant leak detection systems are products designed to continuously monitor the atmosphere in the vicinity of refrigeration equipment and, in the event of detection of refrigerant, raise an alarm. The early warning of refrigerant leaks allows repairs to be carried out early. This improves the energy efficiency of the refrigeration system and reduces carbon emissions and other greenhouse gases.
Refrigerant leakage may lead to a reduction in the efficiency of refrigeration equipment by causing a direct reduction in COP. Leaking systems can therefore contribute twice to climate change; once through the direct emission of refrigerant, and secondly through increased emissions from higher electricity consumption. Automatic permanent leak detection systems are usually multi-point or single point sensing devices. A single point detector is a self-contained device installed in a plant room in a location where it is likely to detect the early onset of leakage. Multi-point detectors are often aspirated (they draw or suck air down tubes from each sample point to a central detector unit and control panel) and can typically monitor up to 16 locations.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Cellar Cooling Equipment
Cellar cooling systems maintain an indoor (cellar) environment at 10-12°C – suitable for the storage of chilled beverages. They are used in pubs, restaurants and hotels, and can be packaged, split or remote. The equipment listed on the ETL has a capacity between 2kW and 12kW, and therefore encompasses most cellar applications.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Evaporative Condensers
Condensers are used in a refrigeration system to liquefy the refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor. Most condensers used are air-cooled, i.e. ambient air is used to remove the heat from the condensing refrigerant. In an evaporative condenser, the gas to be condensed flows through a coil which is continually wetted on the outside by recirculated water. Air is drawn over the coil, evaporating some of the water. This improves the rate at which heat is rejected from the refrigerant gas, allowing it to condense at a lower temperature relative to the air temperature. Evaporative condensers allow refrigeration systems to operate with lower head pressures and higher efficiencies than can be achieved using air-cooled condensers or water-cooled condensers.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Packaged Chillers
Packaged chillers are factory assembled refrigeration units that are designed to cool liquid using a self contained, electrically-driven mechanical vapour compression system. A packaged chiller includes the refrigeration compressor(s), controls and the evaporator in the packaged unit. The condenser may be built-in or remote. Some packaged chillers may also include a hydronic unit comprising a chilled water buffer tank and a chilled water circulation pump.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
Professional Refrigerated Storage Cabinets
Professional refrigerated storage cabinets (PRSCs) are appliances which have one or two solid doors and are typically used for the storage of food and beverages in commercial kitchens. They hold chilled food at between minus 1°C and 5°C and frozen food at between minus 18°C and minus 15°C. Professional refrigerated storage cabinets are usually self contained (integral ‘plug in’) systems. The evaporator is either inside the cabinet, or immediately above it so that the cooled air flows directly into the cabinet. The evaporator is coupled to the condensing unit which is usually located at the top of the cabinet. Cabinets with single and double doors, larder and chest type, counter and under counter models for the storage of chilled and frozen food are listed on the ETL. PRSCs are fitted with solid faced lids, doors or drawers and are not used for displaying food (see instead refrigerated display cabinets section). To be eligible for listing on the ETL, products must have an energy efficiency index which is lower than the thresholds laid out in the ETL criteria, representing best performing products.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Refrigerated Display Cabinets
Refrigerated display cabinets are products that are specifically designed to store and display for sale chilled and/or frozen foodstuffs in retail applications. There are many different designs of refrigerated display cabinets, but all enable the customer to view the foodstuff stored in the cabinet, either through an opening in the cabinet, or through a transparent door or lid.
Commercial beverage coolers are also in scope with this sub-technology. Beverage coolers are specifically designed to chill and store pre-packaged, non-perishable beverage products for sale to customers. Similarly, beverage coolers allow accessing the beverages directly through open sides or through one or more doors, drawers, or both.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Refrigeration Compressors
The compressor in a refrigeration system compresses the refrigerant gas from the low pressure of the evaporator to a higher pressure so that it can condense in the condenser, thus rejecting heat to ambient air or water.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Refrigeration System Controls
Refrigeration system controllers vary enormously in function and complexity. The simplest control is a thermostat which simply controls the temperature of the cooled space. More complex refrigeration systems, such as those with multiple compressors, ideally require more sophisticated control. When used in the right way, these controls can significantly reduce the amount of energy a refrigeration system uses.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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Retrofit Measures for Open Fronted Refrigerated Display Cabinets
Many refrigerated display cases are open-fronted, which significantly increases the heat load on the refrigeration system. There are various components available that can be added to reduce the heat load. These include:
- Strip curtains – Overlapping, transparent plastic strips that fit permanently to the open front of display cases. With a typical cost of £170 per blind, the payback period could be as little as 7 months.
- Doors – Sliding or hinged transparent doors that fit permanently to the open front of display cases.
- Covers (bubble lids) – rigid plastic covers that fit permanently to the top of open freezers.
- Blinds – roller-type blinds fitted to the front of open cabinets and may incorporate a motorised control system.
- Enhanced air flow management devices – these enhance the descending air curtain at the front of an open cabinet to reduce infiltration of ambient air.
The use of curtains, doors and covers reduces the heat load on the system, and variation in product temperature will be less. To be effective in reducing the heat load, and therefore improving energy efficiency, care should be taken to ensure they are fitted correctly.
Read the criteria for ETL inclusion here.
Find the application checklist here.
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